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Unmasking the Stroboscopic Illusion PDF Print E-mail

Unmasking the Stroboscopic Illusion

Why the thermal motion shown in standard videos is misleading

ImageIf molecular machines actually moved as shown in most videos, they wouldn't work. Don't blame the simulation or the design, though. The problem is that the standard way to render video frames creates a stroboscopic illusion of jerky motion. Atoms typically vibrate hundreds of times per frame, but standard frames capture the position of each atom at a single instant, as if seen by the flash of a stroboscope. This creates the illusion that the atoms all vibrate at the frame rate, which is far too close to the frequency of the machine's moving parts. This gives the false impression that the machine parts are moving at nearly thermal speed, comparable to the speed of sound. At that speed, even if the machine worked, friction would be intolerable. 

Will Ware, with guidance from Dr. Eric Drexler, has produced a video that shows thermal motion realistically and contrasts this with the standard illusion. All segments of the video show portions of a molecular dynamics simulation of a small bearing rotating at 5 GHz. By showing the motion at higher and lower frame rates, the relationship between thermal and mechanical motion becomes clear. Realistic but low frame-rate views show the bearing turning, while thermal motions are so fast that they become a blur. The atoms look slightly larger and softer, but this, too, is realistic: It illustrates how thermal motion affects the mechanical properties of atoms in a molecular bearing.

Molecular dynamics of the small bearing was computed using NanoEngineer-1. The video was created using POV-Ray and ImageMagick. The video can be seen here at Google Video.
 
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